PCR/RT-PCR/Real-time PCR: Real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR),又称quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR),是基于polymerase chain reaction (PCR)的分子生物学实验室技术。它在PCR过程中监控目标DNA分子的扩增,即实时监控,而不是像传统PCR那样在末端监控。Real-time PCR可分为定量(quantitative Real-time PCR)和半定量(semi -quantitative Real-time PCR),即高于/低于一定数量的DNA分子(semi -quantitative Real-time PCR)。